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Know ! what is memory unit of a computer ?

 Memory Unit 

A Memory Unit is a collection of storage cells along with associated circuits needed to transfer information in and out of storage. 

Word 

The memory stores the binary information (1's and 0's) in groups of bits called words. A word in memory is an entity of bits that move in and out of storage. A memory word could be a group of 1's and 0's and should represent variety, an instruction code, one or more alphanumeric characters, or the other binary coded information.

Byte

A group of eight bits is called a byte. Most computer memories use words whose number of bits could be a multiple of 8. Thus a 16-bit word contains two bytes, and a 32-bit word is created from 4 bytes. The capacity of memories in commercial computers is typically stated because the total number of bytes which will be stored. Internal Structure of a Memory Unit The internal structure of a memory unit is specified by the amount of words it contains and also the number of bits in each word. 

Each word in memory is assigned an number, called an address, staring from 0 and continuing with 1, 2, 3, up to 2^k - 1 where k is that the number of address lines. the choice of a particular word inside the memory is finished by applying the k-bit binary address to the address lines.

A decoder inside the memory accepts this address and opens the paths needed to pick out the bits of the required word.  it's customary to visit the quantity of words(or bytes) during a memory with one among the letters:

• K(Kilo) is equals 2¹⁰

• M(Mega) is equals to 2²⁰

• G(Giga) is equals to 2³⁰

Two major sorts of memories are employed in computer systems: Random Access Memory(RAM) and browse Read Only Memory(ROM). These semiconductor memories are classified into Random Access Memories(RAMs) and Sequential Access Memories(SAMs) supported time interval. Memories constructed with shift registers, Charged Coupled Devices (CCDs), or bubble memories are samples of SAMs. RAMs are categorized into ROMs, Read Mostly Memories (RMMs), and skim Write Memories(RWMs). 

ROMs are usually two types: Masked Programmed ROMs and User Programmed PROMs. Two sorts of RMMs are Erasable and Programmable(EPROM) and Electrically Erasable(EEPROM).

RWMs are Static RAM(SRAM) and Dynamic RAM(DRAM). Static RAMs have memory cells as common Flip-Flops. Dynamic RAMs have memory cells that has to be refreshed, read and written periodically to avoid loss of memory cells.

Computer Accessories and Peripherals What to Buy???

Computer Accessories and Peripherals 

Whether you have a desktop, or a laptop, you need various computer accessories and peripherals to derive the maximum benefit from them and also optimize their use. There are quite a lot of accessories available in the market today, and different types of making their entry on a day-to-day basis.

In most of the cases these accessories and peripherals are available with your computer, but if they aren’t with them, they are available at all computer shops. 

These are the different types of computer accessories and peripherals bellow-

Keyboard

All of us knows what a keyboard seems like and its functionality. All computers include their own keyboard, and you don’t need to buy them separately. Its arguably one in every of the foremost important of all computer accessories and its primary activity is to input file. the number of choices available in terms of keyboards and their functionality. These days you furthermore may get a wireless keyboard, and even a keyboard that's ergonomic in nature. Ergonomic keyboards are an excellent buy for those that spend lots of your time typing.

Mouse

Though you'll be able to control your computer without the utilization of your mouse, it’s still much easier and cozy to try and do so, using the mouse. All operating systems, that are available today, are configured to figure with the utilization of a mouse.

Printer

Printers cannot be called a necessity in terms of computer accessories and peripherals, but are required if you would like to print material on an everyday basis. Today, buying printers isn't difficult or perhaps expensive. you'll be able to opt for the black and white variety or go for a color printer. Laser printers are the foremost expensive of the lot, but within the long term, help save lots of cash.

Scanner

Scanner is just like the printers, it’s not a primary requirement when it involves a ADPS. A scanner, basically, helps you scan various images, and documents into the computer. After you get them on your computers, you'll edit them and even print them. the main functionality of a scanner is to create graphic image of document and save them into computers. Scanners aren't cheap, but to call them expensive wouldn’t be right either. Today, you'll be able to buy a mixture of both a scanner and a printer.

Speakers

All computers include their own sound cards, which enable you to listen to sound played from your computer. this could be done employing a set of speakers that are reliable and provides out good sound. You can buy a number of speakers, contingent on size, price, design, and style. Sophisticated speakers are expensive, but are recommended if you're visiting use your computer to observe films or play computer games.

Web cam

Web cameras are the miniature version of normal cameras and their images is accessed using the services of the globe Wide Web. These web cameras are a mix of digital cameras, with a capability to upload all images on a selected web server. These cameras are attached to a PC, enabling people to work out one another, once they chat or do video conferencing.

Flash drive

A flash drive is basically a memory device. It’s called a flash drive, because it uses a nonvolatile storage instead of the standard methods of knowledge storage. Many a times, they're used as a replacement for hard drives, and most of the days, their functionality, size, shape, and even program is comparable to those hard drives.

Pen Drive or USB Flash Drive 

These drives are integrated with a Universal Serial Bus or USB connector, and are generally small, removable, re writable, and light-weight.. They are ready to store more data, are easy to use, and are inherently more reliable. 

There are more computer accessories and peripherals that are available within the market. 

The listed above are those that are commonly used computer peripherals